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e. A budget is a calculation plan, usually but not always financial, for a defined period, often one year or a month. A budget may include anticipated sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities including time, costs and expenses, environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, other impacts, assets, liabilities and cash flows.
COB – Close of Business. COC – Cost of Credit [2] or Cost of Capital [3] COD – Cost of Debt [4] or Cash on Delivery. COE – Center of Excellence or Cost of Equity [5] COGS – Cost of Goods Sold. Corp. – Corporation. COO – Chief Operating Officer. CPA – Certified Public Accountant. CPI – Consumer Price Index.
In economics, a federal budget is the major plan for a federal government's estimated future revenues and spending for the coming fiscal year. The federal budget is representation of the financial plan for the goals and activities of the government which in turn reflects the debates surrounding the various economical principles and ideas.
Public budgeting. Public budgeting is a field of public administration and a discipline in the academic study of public administration. Budgeting is characterized by its approaches, functions, formation, and type. Authors Robert W. Smith and Thomas D. Lynch describe public budgeting through four perspectives: incrementalism, comprehensive ...
Budget Execution amending the budget as the fiscal year progresses. Constitutional economics [ edit ] Constitutional economics is the study of the compatibility of economic and financial decisions within existing constitutional law frameworks, and such a framework includes government spending on the judiciary which in many transitional and ...
Budget-maximizing model. The budget-maximizing model is a stream of public choice theory and rational choice analysis in public administration inaugurated by William Niskanen. Niskanen first presented the idea in 1968, [1] and later developed it into a book published in 1971. [2] According to the budget-maximizing model, rational bureaucrats ...
The government budget balance, also referred to as the general government balance, [1] public budget balance, or public fiscal balance, is the difference between government revenues and spending. For a government that uses accrual accounting (rather than cash accounting) the budget balance is calculated using only spending on current operations ...
Terminology. v. t. e. The United States budget comprises the spending and revenues of the U.S. federal government. The budget is the financial representation of the priorities of the government, reflecting historical debates and competing economic philosophies. The government primarily spends on healthcare, retirement, and defense programs.