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This is a historical list dealing with women scientists in the 20th century. During this time period, women working in scientific fields were rare. Women at this time faced barriers in higher education and often denied access to scientific institutions; in the Western world, the first-wave feminist movement began to break down many of these ...
Marie Curie's birthplace, 16 Freta Street, Warsaw, Poland. Maria Salomea Skłodowska-Curie [a] (Polish: [ˈmarja salɔˈmɛa skwɔˈdɔfska kʲiˈri] ⓘ; née Skłodowska; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934), known simply as Marie Curie (/ ˈ k j ʊər i / KURE-ee, [1] French: [maʁi kyʁi]), was a Polish and naturalised-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on ...
John Finch. Kenneth Holmes. Rosalind Elsie Franklin (25 July 1920 – 16 April 1958) [ 1] was a British chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic acid), viruses, coal, and graphite. [ 2] Although her works on coal and viruses were ...
In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognised for community-centred conservation and development programs in Africa.
Creola Katherine Johnson ( née Coleman; August 26, 1918 – February 24, 2020) was an American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. crewed spaceflights. [ 1][ 2] During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for ...
Invented in 1952 by Virginia Apgar. Disposable diapers. The first disposable diaper was invented in 1946 by Marion Donovan, a professional-turned-housewife who wanted to ensure her children's cloth diapers remained dry while they slept. [ 12] Donovan patented her design (called 'Boaters') in 1951.
Lise Meitner ( / ˈliːzə ˈmaɪtnər / LEE-zə MYTE-nər, German: [ˈliːzə ˈmaɪtnɐ] ⓘ; born Elise Meitner, 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian physicist who was instrumental in the discovery of protactinium and nuclear fission . Completing her doctoral research in 1905, Meitner became the second woman from the ...
Barbara McClintock (June 16, 1902 – September 2, 1992) was an American scientist and cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. McClintock received her PhD in botany from Cornell University in 1927. There she started her career as the leader of the development of maize cytogenetics, the focus of her ...