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The ocular immune system protects the eye from infection and regulates healing processes following injuries. The interior of the eye lacks lymph vessels but is highly vascularized, and many immune cells reside in the uvea, including mostly macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells. [1] These cells fight off intraocular infections, and ...
How vectors work to transfer genetic material. Gene therapy utilizes the delivery of DNA into cells, which can be accomplished by several methods, summarized below. The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
The lytic cycle ( / ˈlɪtɪk / LIT-ik) is one of the two cycles of viral reproduction (referring to bacterial viruses or bacteriophages ), the other being the lysogenic cycle. The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the infected cell and its membrane. Bacteriophages that can only go through the lytic cycle are called virulent phages (in ...
A photoreceptor cell is a specialized type of neuroepithelial cell found in the retina that is capable of visual phototransduction. The great biological importance of photoreceptors is that they convert light (visible electromagnetic radiation) into signals that can stimulate biological processes. To be more specific, photoreceptor proteins in ...
Decreased bloating and gas. If your probiotics are working, you may see reduced bloating and gas, says Gans. Similar to how probiotics can help eliminate GI symptoms through a more diverse gut ...
They have revealed a pioneering nasal spray treatment that has demonstrated effectiveness in eliminating harmful tau protein accumulation and enhancing cognitive abilities in aged mouse models ...
Uveitis. Uveitis ( / ˌjuːvi.aɪtɪs /) is inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer of the eye between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea. [1] The uvea consists of the middle layer of pigmented vascular structures of the eye and includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid.
Thermogenesis works to help your body efficiently consume energy in your muscles. When you work out, more PGC-1α is expressed in your muscles and more energy is burned.