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The main instrument for measuring sound levels in the environment is the sound level meter. Most sound level meters provide readings in A, C, and Z-weighted decibels and must meet international standards such as IEC 61672-2013. Examples. The lower limit of audibility is defined as SPL of 0 dB, but the upper limit is not as clearly defined.
Sound intensity, also known as acoustic intensity, is defined as the power carried by sound waves per unit area in a direction perpendicular to that area. The SI unit of intensity, which includes sound intensity, is the watt per square meter (W/m 2 ). One application is the noise measurement of sound intensity in the air at a listener's ...
The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel ( B ). It expresses the ratio of two values of a power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whose levels differ by one decibel have a power ratio of 10 1/10 (approximately 1.26) or root-power ratio of 10 1/20 (approximately 1.12 ).
Equal-loudness contour. An equal-loudness contour is a measure of sound pressure level, over the frequency spectrum, for which a listener perceives a constant loudness when presented with pure steady tones. [1] The unit of measurement for loudness levels is the phon and is arrived at by reference to equal-loudness contours.
Absolute threshold of hearing. The absolute threshold of hearing ( ATH ), also known as the absolute hearing threshold or auditory threshold, is the minimum sound level of a pure tone that an average human ear with normal hearing can hear with no other sound present. The absolute threshold relates to the sound that can just be heard by the ...
Sone. The sone ( / ˈsoʊn /) is a unit of loudness, the subjective perception of sound pressure. The study of perceived loudness is included in the topic of psychoacoustics and employs methods of psychophysics. Doubling the perceived loudness doubles the sone value. Proposed by Stanley Smith Stevens in 1936, it is not an SI unit .
Ambient noise level is measured with a sound level meter. [4] It is usually measured in dB relative to a reference pressure of 0.00002 Pa, i.e., 20 μPa (micropascals) in SI units. [5] This is because 20 μPa is the faintest sound the human ear can detect. [5] A pascal is a newton per square meter. The centimeter-gram-second system of units ...
Sound exposure level (SEL) is a logarithmic measure of the sound exposure of a sound relative to a reference value. where. 20 ln 10 is the decibel. The commonly used reference sound exposure in air is [2] The proper notations for sound exposure level using this reference are LW/ (400 μPa2⋅s) or LW (re 400 μPa2⋅s), but the notations dB SEL ...
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