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Decibel is a logarithmic unit used to express the ratio between two values of a physical quantity, often power or intensity.
Frequency response. In signal processing and electronics, the frequency response of a system is the quantitative measure of the magnitude and phase of the output as a function of input frequency. [1] The frequency response is widely used in the design and analysis of systems, such as audio and control systems, where they simplify mathematical ...
Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power, often expressed in decibels. A ratio higher than 1:1 (greater than 0 dB) indicates more signal than noise.
Audiogram. An audiogram is a graph that shows the audible threshold for standardized frequencies as measured by an audiometer. The Y axis represents intensity measured in decibels (dB) and the X axis represents frequency measured in hertz (Hz). [1] The threshold of hearing is plotted relative to a standardised curve that represents 'normal ...
dBFS. Clipping of a digital waveform. The red lines indicate full scale, and the waveform is shown before and after hard clipping (grey and black outlines respectively). Decibels relative to full scale ( dBFS or dB FS) is a unit of measurement for amplitude levels in digital systems, such as pulse-code modulation (PCM), which have a defined ...
A-weighting is applied to instrument-measured sound levels in an effort to account for the relative loudness perceived by the human ear, as the ear is less sensitive to low audio frequencies. It is employed by arithmetically adding a table of values, listed by octave or third-octave bands, to the measured sound pressure levels in dB.
Sound pressure or acoustic pressure is the local pressure deviation from the ambient (average or equilibrium) atmospheric pressure, caused by a sound wave. In air, sound pressure can be measured using a microphone, and in water with a hydrophone. The SI unit of sound pressure is the pascal (Pa). [1]
Loudness. In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure. More formally, it is defined as the "attribute of auditory sensation in terms of which sounds can be ordered on a scale extending from quiet to loud". [1] The relation of physical attributes of sound to perceived loudness consists of physical, physiological and ...