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Starting in 1990, by 1999, chromosome 22 became the first human chromosome to be completely sequenced. Computational biology refers to the use of data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. [ 1] An intersection of computer science, biology, and big data, the field also ...
Biology is the scientific study of life. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary information encoded in genes , which can be transmitted to future ...
Theoretical biology focuses more on the development of theoretical principles for biology while mathematical biology focuses on the use of mathematical tools to study biological systems, even though the two terms are sometimes interchanged. [ 3][ 4] Mathematical biology aims at the mathematical representation and modeling of biological ...
Molecular biology is the study of the molecular underpinnings of the biological phenomena, focusing on molecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms and interactions. Biochemistry is the study of the chemical substances and vital processes occurring in living organisms.
The application of biotechnology to basic science (for example through the Human Genome Project) has also dramatically improved our understanding of biology and as our scientific knowledge of normal and disease biology has increased, our ability to develop new medicines to treat previously untreatable diseases has increased as well. [44]
Genetics, Physiology. Calcium imaging. Used to optically measure the status of calcium ions (Ca 2+) in an isolated cell, tissue or medium. Physiology. Cell isolation. Process of separating individual living cells from a solid block of tissue or cell suspension. Cell biology.
Bioinformatics tools aid in comparing, analyzing and interpreting genetic and genomic data and more generally in the understanding of evolutionary aspects of molecular biology. At a more integrative level, it helps analyze and catalogue the biological pathways and networks that are an important part of systems biology.
Russian Language and Culture (discontinued 2010) v. t. e. Advanced Placement ( AP) Biology (also known as AP Bio) is an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States. For the 2012–2013 school year, the College Board unveiled a new curriculum with a greater focus on "scientific practices".
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