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v. t. e. Gender-affirming surgery for male-to-female transgender women or transfeminine non-binary people describes a variety of surgical procedures that alter the body to provide physical traits more comfortable and affirming to an individual's gender identity and overall functioning. Often used to refer to vaginoplasty, sex reassignment ...
Top surgery involves more than a mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer. [1] Special techniques are used to contour and reduce the chest wall, position the nipples and areola, and minimize scarring. [1] If the breast size is small, surgery that spares the skin, nipple and areola (subcutaneous nipple-sparing mastectomy) may be performed ...
Metoidioplasty, metaoidioplasty, or metaidoioplasty[ 2] (informally called a meto or meta) is a female-to-male gender-affirming surgery. [ 3] Testosterone replacement therapy gradually enlarges the clitoris to a mean maximum size of 4.6 cm (1.8 in) [ 4] (as the clitoris and the penis are developmentally homologous ).
Phalloplasty (also called penoplasty) [ 1] is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement. [ 2]
Gender-affirming surgery is a surgical procedure, or series of procedures, that alters a person's physical appearance and sexual characteristics to resemble those associated with their identified gender. The phrase is most often associated with transgender health care and intersex medical interventions, although many such treatments are also ...
Castration in the genital modification and mutilation context is the removal of the testicles. Occasionally the term is also used to refer to penis removal, but that is less common. Castration has been performed in many cultures throughout history, but is now rare. It should not be confused with chemical castration .
Scrotoplasty, also known as oscheoplasty, is a type of surgery to create or repair the scrotum. The history of male genital plastic surgery is rooted in many cultures and dates back to ancient times. [ 1] However, scientific research for male genital plastic surgery such as scrotoplasty began to develop in the early 1900s. [ 1]
Hemicorporectomy. Hemicorporectomy is a radical surgery in which the body below the waist is amputated, transecting the lumbar spine. This removes the legs, the genitalia (internal and external), urinary system, pelvic bones, anus, and rectum. [ 1][ 2] It is a major procedure recommended only as a last resort for people with severe and ...