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The Philippine Commonwealth was established in 1935, as a 10-year interim step prior to full independence. However, in 1942 during World War II, Japan occupied the Philippines. The U.S. military overpowered the Japanese in 1945. The Treaty of Manila in 1946 established the independent Philippine Republic.
Prehispanic Source Materials for the Study of Philippine History (Revised Edition). New Day Publishers, Quezon City. ISBN 9711002264. Scott, William Henry (1985), Cracks in the parchment curtain and other essays in Philippine history, New Day Publishers, ISBN 978-971-10-0074-5.
e. The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
Overview. Historiography of the Philippines refers to the studies, sources, critical methods and interpretations used by scholars to study the history of the Philippines. The Philippine archipelago has been part of many empires before the Spanish empire has arrived in the 16th century. The pre-colonial Philippines uses the Abugida writing ...
Political history of the Philippines. Emilio Aguinaldo, who led the Philippine Revolution against Spain, and Manuel L. Quezon, President of the autonomous Commonwealth of the Philippines under the United States. Early polities in what is now the Philippines were small entities known as barangays, although some larger states were established ...
November 20 – December 2. Cyclones Muifa ( Unding), Merbok ( Violeta ), Winnie and Nanmadol ( Yoyong) hit the country, affecting million people, causing massive fatalities and damages. In November, a tropical depression ( Winnie) kills more than 1,500 people, causes damages of estimated ₱679 million (US$15.8 million).
The Proclamation of Independence on June 12, 1898, as depicted on the back of the Philippine five peso bill. Independence was proclaimed on June 12, 1898, between four and five in the afternoon in Cavite at the ancestral home of General Emilio Aguinaldo in Cavite el Viejo (present-day Kawit ), Cavite, some 30 kilometers (19 mi) south of Manila.
The constitution written by the Malolos Congress was proclaimed on January 22, 1899, creating what is known today as the First Philippine Republic, with Aguinaldo as its president. [ 25][ 20] The constitution was approved by delegates to the Malolos Congress on January 20, 1899, and sanctioned by Aguinaldo the next day. [ 25]