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The history of the Jews of Thessaloniki reaches back two thousand years. The city of Thessaloniki (also known as Salonika) housed a major Jewish community, mostly Eastern Sephardim, until the middle of the Second World War. Sephardic Jews immigrated to the city following the expulsion of Jews from Spain by Catholic rulers under the Alhambra ...
Aside from the Romaniotes, a distinct Jewish population that historically lived in communities throughout Greece and neighboring areas with large Greek populations, Greece had a large population of Sephardi Jews, and is a historical center of Sephardic life; the city of Salonica or Thessaloniki, in Greek Macedonia, was called the "Mother of ...
During the Ottoman period, the city's Muslim and Jewish population grew. By 1478, Thessaloniki had a population of 4,320 Muslims between 6,094 Greek Orthodox inhabitants. By c. 1500, the numbers of Muslims grew to 8,575 Muslims, with Greeks numbering at 7,986, making them a minority. Around the same time, Sephardic Jews began arriving from Spain.
The Romaniote Jews or the Romaniotes ( Greek: Ῥωμανιῶτες, Rhomaniótes; Hebrew: רומניוטים, romanized : Romanyotim) are a Greek-speaking ethnic Jewish community native to the Eastern Mediterranean. [2] They are one of the oldest Jewish communities in existence and the oldest Jewish community in Europe.
Jewish family of Salonica in 1917. Although Jews were spread throughout the Ottoman Empire, the cities of Constantinople and Salonica, also called Thessaloniki, had Jewish populations of about 20,000 Jewish people by the early 16th century. Salonica was considered the main center of Jewish life in the Ottoman Empire.
The Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki ( Greek: Εβραϊκό Μουσείο Θεσσαλονίκης, Ladino: Museo Djidio De Salonik) is a museum in Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece. It displays the history of Sephardic Jews and Jewish life in Thessaloniki. The museum is being run by the Jewish Community of Thessaloniki . It is also known ...
The Holocaust in Greece was the mass murder of Greek Jews, mostly as a result of their deportation to Auschwitz concentration camp, during World War II. By 1945, between 82 and 92 percent of Greek Jews had been murdered, one of the highest proportions in Europe. Before the war, approximately 72,000 to 77,000 Jews lived in 27 communities in ...
In 1943 the city's 56,000 Jews were deported, by use of 19 Holocaust trains, to Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen concentration camps, where 43,000 – 49,000 of them were murdered. The train journey from Thessaloniki to the concentration camps was the longest of all Holocaust trains, [dubious – discuss] and Jews had to buy a ticket.