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  2. Alan Turing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing

    Alan Mathison Turing OBE FRS (/ ˈtjʊərɪŋ /; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was an English mathematician, computer scientist, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher and theoretical biologist. [ 5 ] He was highly influential in the development of theoretical computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of algorithm and computation ...

  3. Enigma machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine

    The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication. It was employed extensively by Nazi Germany during World War II, in all branches of the German military. The Enigma machine was considered so secure that it was used to encipher the most top ...

  4. Cryptanalysis of the Enigma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis_of_the_Enigma

    t. e. The Enigma machine was used commercially from the early 1920s and was adopted by the militaries and governments of various countries—most famously, Nazi Germany. Cryptanalysis of the Enigma ciphering system enabled the western Allies in World War II to read substantial amounts of Morse-coded radio communications of the Axis powers that ...

  5. Kryptos - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptos

    The dust jacket of the US version of Dan Brown's 2003 novel The Da Vinci Code contains two references to Kryptos—one on the back cover (coordinates printed light red on dark red, vertically next to the blurbs) is a reference to the coordinates mentioned in the plaintext of passage 2, except the degree digit is off by one. When Brown and his ...

  6. Craig Venter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Venter

    John Craig Venter (born October 14, 1946) is an American scientist . He is known for leading one of the first draft sequences of the human genome [1][2] and led the first team to transfect a cell with a synthetic chromosome. [3][4] Venter founded Celera Genomics, the Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) and the J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI).

  7. Ricky McCormick's encrypted notes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricky_McCormick's_encrypted...

    The partially decomposed body of Ricky McCormick was discovered in a field in St. Charles County, Missouri on June 30, 1999. Sheriffs found two garbled hand-written notes – apparently written in secret code – in the victim's pockets, and these were handed over to the FBI for further investigation. Attempts by the FBI's Cryptanalysis and ...

  8. Cicada 3301 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicada_3301

    Cicada 3301 is the name given to three sets of puzzles posted under the name "3301" online between 2012 and 2014. The first puzzle started on January 4, 2012, [1] on 4chan [2] and ran for nearly a month. A second round of puzzles began one year later on January 4, 2013, and then a third round following the confirmation of a fresh clue posted on ...

  9. Caesar cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher

    In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code, or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet .