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Figure 1. Stanley Tennenbaum's geometric proof of the irrationality of √ 2. A simple proof is attributed to Stanley Tennenbaum when he was a student in the early 1950s. [14] [15] Given two squares with integer sides respectively a and b, one of which has twice the area of the other, place two copies of the smaller square in the larger as ...
Rational root theorem. In algebra, the rational root theorem (or rational root test, rational zero theorem, rational zero test or p/q theorem) states a constraint on rational solutions of a polynomial equation with integer coefficients and . Solutions of the equation are also called roots or zeros of the polynomial on the left side.
In mathematics, the irrational numbers ( in- + rational) are all the real numbers that are not rational numbers. That is, irrational numbers cannot be expressed as the ratio of two integers. When the ratio of lengths of two line segments is an irrational number, the line segments are also described as being incommensurable, meaning that they ...
In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction of two integers, a numerator p and a non-zero denominator q. [1] For example, is a rational number, as is every integer (e.g., ). The set of all rational numbers, also referred to as " the rationals ", [2] the field of rationals [3 ...
In mathematics, a constructive proof is a method of proof that demonstrates the existence of a mathematical object by creating or providing a method for creating the object. This is in contrast to a non-constructive proof (also known as an existence proof or pure existence theorem ), which proves the existence of a particular kind of object ...
The purpose of the proof is not primarily to convince its readers that 22 7 (or 3 1 7 ) is indeed bigger than π; systematic methods of computing the value of π exist. If one knows that π is approximately 3.14159, then it trivially follows that π < 22 7 , which is approximately 3.142857. But it takes much less work to ...
The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/ x or x−1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1. The multiplicative inverse of a fraction a / b is b / a. For the multiplicative inverse of a real number, divide 1 by the number.
Cardinality of the continuum. In set theory, the cardinality of the continuum is the cardinality or "size" of the set of real numbers , sometimes called the continuum. It is an infinite cardinal number and is denoted by (lowercase Fraktur " c ") or [1] The real numbers are more numerous than the natural numbers .