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Classical (algebraic) block codes and convolutional codes are frequently combined in concatenated coding schemes in which a short constraint-length Viterbi-decoded convolutional code does most of the work and a block code (usually Reed–Solomon) with larger symbol size and block length "mops up" any errors made by the convolutional decoder ...
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that comes true at least in part as a result of a person's belief or expectation that the prediction would come true. [ 1] In the phenomena, people tend to act the way they have been expected to in order to make the expectations come true. [ 2] Self-fulfilling prophecies are an example of the more ...
Purpose. To break down (in successive layers of detail) root causes that potentially contribute to a particular effect. Ishikawa diagrams (also called fishbone diagrams, [1] herringbone diagrams, cause-and-effect diagrams) are causal diagrams created by Kaoru Ishikawa that show the potential causes of a specific event. [2]
Block on a ramp and corresponding free body diagram of the block. In physics and engineering, a free body diagram ( FBD; also called a force diagram) [1] is a graphical illustration used to visualize the applied forces, moments, and resulting reactions on a body in a given condition. It depicts a body or connected bodies with all the applied ...
The International Code of Signals ( INTERCO) is an international system of signals and codes for use by vessels to communicate important messages regarding safety of navigation and related matters. Signals can be sent by flaghoist, signal lamp ("blinker"), flag semaphore, radiotelegraphy, and radiotelephony. The International Code is the most ...
The abstraction hierarchy is constructed by considering the work system's objectives (top-down) and the work system's capabilities (bottom-up). The diagram is constructed based upon a range of data collection opportunities. The exact data collection procedure is dependent on the domain in question and the availability of data.
A Nassi–Shneiderman diagram (NSD) in computer programming is a graphical design representation for structured programming. [ 1] This type of diagram was developed in 1972 by Isaac Nassi and Ben Shneiderman who were both graduate students at Stony Brook University. [ 2] These diagrams are also called structograms, [ 3] as they show a program's ...
t. e. A mind map is a diagram used to visually organize information into a hierarchy, showing relationships among pieces of the whole. [ 1] It is often created around a single concept, drawn as an image in the center of a blank page, to which associated representations of ideas such as images, words and parts of words are added.