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Drilling and blasting. Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods, such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation. It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. The result of rock blasting is often known as a rock cut .
Dragline excavator. Built by Bucyrus-Erie in 1969, Big Muskie was the world's largest ever dragline, being 487 ft (148 m) in length, weighing some 13,500 short tons (12,247 t), and hoisting a 220 cu yd (168.2 m 3) bucket that could move 325 short tons (295 t) of material at a pass. A dragline excavator is a heavy-duty excavator used in civil ...
Concrete degradation may have many different causes. Concrete is mostly damaged by the corrosion of reinforcement bars due to the carbonatation of hardened cement paste or chloride attack under wet conditions. Chemical damage is caused by the formation of expansive products produced by chemical reactions (from carbonatation, chlorides, sulfates ...
Mine reclamation is the process of modifying land that has been mined to ecologically functional or economically usable state. Although the process of mine reclamation occurs once mining is completed, the planning of mine reclamation activities occurs prior to a mine being permitted or started. [1] Mine reclamation creates useful landscapes ...
Step 5: Neutralize the Acid. Once you've removed the rust, rinse the object with clean water to remove any remaining vinegar-and-salt residue and place it back into the container with fresh water ...
Wrought iron. Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the catalytic presence of water or air moisture. Rust consists of hydrous iron (III) oxides (Fe 2 O 3 ·nH 2 O) and iron (III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO (OH), Fe (OH) 3 ), and is typically associated with the corrosion of refined iron .
For many people of a certain age, high school gym class began with reaching for their toes. Then, over the years, we were told it was better to stretch after exercise.
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, [1] is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral ...