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Riba (Arabic: ربا ,الربا، الربٰوة, ribā or al-ribā, IPA:) is an Arabic word used in Islamic law and roughly translated as "usury": unjust, exploitative gains made in trade or business.
Sharia ( / ʃəˈriːə /; Arabic: شَرِيعَة, romanized : sharīʿah, IPA: [ʃaˈriːʕa]) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition [1] [2] [3] based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith. [1]
A fatwa ( UK: / ˈfætwɑː / ⓘ; US: / ˈfɑːtwɑː /; Arabic: فتوى, romanized : fatwā; pl. فتاوى, fatāwā) is a legal ruling on a point of Islamic law ( sharia) given by a qualified Islamic jurist ( faqih) in response to a question posed by a private individual, judge or government. [1] [2] [3] A jurist issuing fatwas is called a ...
Islamic banking, Islamic finance ( Arabic: مصرفية إسلامية masrifiyya 'islamia ), or Sharia-compliant finance [1] is banking or financing activity that complies with Sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. Some of the modes of Islamic finance include mudarabah (profit-sharing ...
t. e. Liberalism and progressivism within Islam involve professed Muslims who have created a considerable body of progressive thought about Islamic understanding and practice. [1] [2] Their work is sometimes characterized as "progressive Islam" ( Arabic: الإسلام التقدمي al-Islām at-taqaddumī ). Some scholars, such as Omid Safi ...
Akhlaq ( Arabic: أخلاق) is the practice of virtue, morality and manners in Islamic theology and falsafah ( philosophy ). The science of ethics ( `Ilm al-Akhlaq) teaches that through practice and conscious effort man can surpass their natural dispositions and natural state ( Fitrah) to become more ethical and well mannered.
Zakāh [a] [3] is a form of almsgiving, often collected by the Muslim Ummah. [1] It is considered in Islam as a religious obligation, [4] [5] and by Quranic ranking, is next after prayer ( salat) in importance. [6] Eight heads of zakat are mentioned in the Quran. As one of the Five Pillars of Islam, zakat is a religious duty for all Muslims who ...
Islam is the largest religion in Indonesia, with 87.06% of the Indonesian population identifying themselves as Muslims, based on civil registry data in 2023. [3] [b] In terms of denomination, the overwhelming majority are Sunni Muslims; the Pew Research Center estimates them as comprising ~99% of the country's Muslim population in 2011, [4 ...