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Cumulonimbus (from Latin cumulus 'swell', and nimbus 'cloud') is a dense, towering vertical cloud, [1] typically forming from water vapor condensing in the lower troposphere that builds upward carried by powerful buoyant air currents. Above the lower portions of the cumulonimbus the water vapor becomes ice crystals, such as snow and graupel ...
Multi-level and vertical genus-types not limited to a single altitude level include nimbostratus, cumulonimbus, and some of the larger cumulus species. The list of cloud types groups all genera as high (cirro-, cirrus), middle (alto-), multi-level (nimbo-, cumulo-, cumulus), and low (strato-, stratus). These groupings are determined by the ...
Hazards A cumulonimbus incus is a mature thunderstorm cloud generating many dangerous elements. Lightning: this storm cloud is capable of producing bursts of cloud-to-ground lightning. Hail: hailstones may fall from this cloud if it is a highly unstable environment (which favours a more vigorous storm updraft). Heavy rain: this cloud may drop several inches (centimetres) of rain in a short ...
Cumulus congestus clouds compared against a cumulonimbus cloud in the background. Due to reflectivity, clouds cool the earth by around 12 °C (22 °F), an effect largely caused by stratocumulus clouds. However, at the same time, they heat the earth by around 7 °C (13 °F) by reflecting emitted radiation, an effect largely caused by cirrus clouds.
The cumulonimbus flammagenitus cloud ( CbFg ), also known as the pyrocumulonimbus cloud, is a type of cumulonimbus cloud that forms above a source of heat, such as a wildfire, nuclear explosion, or volcanic eruption, [5] and may sometimes even extinguish the fire that formed it. [6] It is the most extreme manifestation of a flammagenitus cloud.
Cap cloud being absorbed into a cumulonimbus calvus cloud at sunset. A pileus ( / ˈpaɪliəs /; Latin for 'cap'), also called scarf cloud or cap cloud, is a small, horizontal, lenticular cloud appearing above a cumulus or cumulonimbus cloud. Pileus clouds are often short-lived, appearing for typically only a few minutes, [1] with the main ...
Cirrus ( cloud classification symbol: Ci) is a genus of high cloud made of ice crystals. Cirrus clouds typically appear delicate and wispy with white strands. Cirrus are usually formed when warm, dry air rises, causing water vapor deposition onto rocky or metallic dust particles at high altitudes.
A cumulonimbus capillatus is a cumulonimbus cloud with dense cirrus clouds above it, making the cloud top appear to contain hair-like structures. The name comes from the Latin word capillatus, meaning "with hair". [1] It is an intermediate stage between cumulonimbus calvus and cumulonimbus incus .