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The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 subtype of the influenza A virus. The earliest documented case was March 1918 in the state of Kansas in the United States, with further cases recorded in France ...
Epidemics and pandemics with at least 1 million deaths Rank Epidemics/pandemics Disease Death toll Percentage of population lost Years Location 1 Spanish flu: Influenza A/H1N1: 17–100 million 1–5.4% of global population [5] 1918–1920 Worldwide 2 Plague of Justinian: Bubonic plague 15–100 million 25–60% of European population [6] 541–549
H5N1 influenza virus is a type of influenza A virus which mostly infects birds. H5N1 flu is a concern due to the its global spread that may constitute a pandemic threat. The yardstick for human mortality from H5N1 is the case-fatality rate (CFR); the ratio of the number of confirmed human deaths resulting from infection of H5N1 to the number of those confirmed cases of infection with the virus.
From 1962 to 2022 there have been 157 recorded cases of the infection in United States, only 4 of those 157 individuals survived the disease. A combination of drugs have shown effectiveness in survivors. The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. The rate dropped significantly to 10% with effective treatments. Eradicated .
The Hong Kong flu was a category 2 flu pandemic caused by a strain of H3N2 descended from H2N2 by antigenic shift, in which genes from multiple subtypes reassorted to form a new virus. This pandemic killed an estimated 1–4 million people worldwide. [79] [88] [89] Those over 65 had the greatest death rates. [90]
For the Netherlands, based on overall excess mortality, an estimated 20,000 people died from COVID-19 in 2020, [ 9] while only the death of 11,525 identified COVID-19 cases was registered. [ 8] The official count of COVID-19 deaths as of December 2021 is slightly more than 5.4 million, according to World Health Organization's report in May 2022.
According to preliminary burden estimates for the 2019–2020 flu season (October 1, 2019 through April 4, 2020) there were between 39 and 56 million flu cases; 18–26 million doctor visits; 410,000 to 740,000 hospitalizations, and between 24,000 and 62,000 deaths. The unusually abrupt decline in cases by April 2020 was attributed to the ...
There have also been reviews that have compared the fatality rate of this pandemic with prior pandemics, such as MERS-CoV. [91] For comparison the infection mortality rate of seasonal flu in the United States is 0.1%, which is 13 times lower than COVID-19. [92]