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Heart rate is the frequency of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions of the heart per minute ( beats per minute, or bpm). The heart rate varies according to the body's physical needs, including the need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide. It is also modulated by numerous factors, including (but not limited to) genetics ...
Heart rate variability ( HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval. Other terms used include "cycle length variability", "R–R variability" (where R is a point corresponding to the peak of the QRS complex of the ECG wave; and R–R is ...
Purpose. evaluate cardiac function. Test of. Cardiac stress test. The Bruce protocol is a standardized diagnostic test used in the evaluation of cardiac function and physical fitness, developed by American cardiologist Robert A. Bruce. [ 1] According to the original Bruce protocol the patient walks on an uphill treadmill in a graded exercise ...
Use the tips of your first two fingers (not your thumb) and press lightly over the artery. Count your pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 4 to find your beats per minute. Some drugs and ...
In cardiac physiology, cardiac output ( CO ), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols , , or , [2] is the volumetric flow rate of the heart 's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured per minute). Cardiac output (CO) is the product of the ...
Target heart rate zones during exercise for most healthy adults vary by age, but can be anywhere from 100-170 bpm for a 20-year-old to 85-145 bpm for a 50-year-old, according to the AHA. The ...
Cardiac stress testing is used to determine to assess cardiac function and to disclose evidence of exertion-related cardiac hypoxia. Radionuclide testing using thallium or technetium can be used to demonstrate areas of perfusion abnormalities. With a maximal stress test the level of exercise is increased until the person's heart rate will not ...
A 1951 USAF resolution test chart is a microscopic optical resolution test device originally defined by the U.S. Air Force MIL-STD-150A standard of 1951. The design provides numerous small target shapes exhibiting a stepped assortment of precise spatial frequency specimens. It is widely used in optical engineering laboratory work to analyze and ...