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In his 1987 treatise, Dictatorship & Martial Law: Philippine Authoritarianism in 1972, University of the Philippines public administration professor Alex Brillantes Jr. identifies three reasons expressed by the Marcos administration, saying that martial law: [18] was a response to various leftist and rightist plots against the Marcos ...
Commenced. September 23, 1972. Keywords. politics, martial law. Status: Repealed. Wikisource has original text related to this article: Proclamation No. 1081. Proclamation No. 1081 was the document which contained formal proclamation of martial law in the Philippines by President Ferdinand Marcos, as announced to the public on September 23, 1972.
The danger of invasion being imminent and the public safety so requiring, I, Jose P. Laurel, President of the Republic of the Philippines, pursuant to the authority conferred upon me by section 9, article II, of the Constitution, do hereby place the Philippines and all parts thereof under martial law and suspend the privileges of the writ of habeas corpus therein.
Ledivina Vidallon Cariño was a Filipino sociologist and political scientist. She was University Professor (the highest academic rank in the University of the Philippines ), and later University Professor Emeritus, at the National College of Public Administration and Governance of the University of the Philippines Diliman (UP-NCPAG).
Alex Bello Brillantes Jr. is a Filipino political scientist and expert of local governance and development administration. [1] He was the dean of the University of the Philippines - National College of Public Administration and Governance (UP-NCPAG) and executive director of the Local Government Academy (LGA) under the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG).
Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 86 calling for the cancellation of the plebiscite and instituted barangays ' citizens' assemblies to ratify the new constitution by a plebiscite from 10–15 January 1973. Alongside the utilization of citizens' assemblies, the voting age was also reduced to 15. Voting in citizens' assemblies took place ...
The Philippines is divided into four levels of administrative divisions, with the lower three being defined in the Local Government Code of 1991 as local government units (LGUs). [1] They are, from the highest to the lowest: Regions ( Filipino: rehiyon) are mostly used to organize national services. Of the 17 regions, only one—the Bangsamoro ...
Ambeth R. Ocampo OL KGOR OAL is a Filipino public historian, academic, cultural administrator, journalist, author, and independent curator. [2] He is best known for his definitive writings about Philippines' national hero José Rizal and on topics in Philippine history and Philippine art through Looking Back, his bi-weekly editorial page column in the Philippine Daily Inquirer.