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Open science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional. [2] [3] Open science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and developed through collaborative networks. [4]
Open-source software ( OSS) is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose. [1] [2] Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative, public manner.
Thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is one of the most common forms of analysis within qualitative research. [1] [2] It emphasizes identifying, analysing and interpreting patterns of meaning (or "themes") within qualitative data. [1] Thematic analysis is often understood as a method or technique in contrast to most other qualitative analytic ...
Open access. Open access ( OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of access charges or other barriers. [1] With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 definition), or libre open access, barriers to copying or reuse are also reduced or removed by applying an ...
Definitions. Open identities. Open peer review may be defined as "any scholarly review mechanism providing disclosure of author and referee identities to one another at any point during the peer review or publication process". [5] Then reviewer's identities may or may not be disclosed to the public.
"Free and open-source software" (FOSS) is an umbrella term for software that is simultaneously considered both free software and open-source software. The precise definition of the terms "free software" and "open-source software" applies them to any software distributed under terms that allow users to use, modify, and redistribute said software in any manner they see fit, without requiring ...
A domain-specific language ( DSL) is a computer language specialized to a particular application domain. This is in contrast to a general-purpose language (GPL), which is broadly applicable across domains. There are a wide variety of DSLs, ranging from widely used languages for common domains, such as HTML for web pages, down to languages used ...
Retrospective cohort study. Case–control study versus cohort on a timeline. "OR" stands for "odds ratio" and "RR" stands for "relative risk". A retrospective cohort study, also called a historic cohort study, is a longitudinal cohort study used in medical and psychological research. A cohort of individuals that share a common exposure factor ...